Sunday 24 March 2024

Reims 2024 - Museum of Surrender

 On Monday, May 7, 1945 at 2:41 a.m. the unconditional surrender of the German Third Reich was signed at Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) in Reims bringing the war in Europe to an end.

German unconditional surrender Reims

The headquarters of SHEAF were located in the Collège Moderne et Technique near the railway station in Reims.

SHEAF  HQ Collège Moderne et Technique Reims

The headquarters returned to being an educational establishment after the war and remains so today.  The room where the surrender was signed was preserved and part of the college turned into a museum. 

Collège Moderne et Technique Reims

Surrender Museum Reims

German unconditional surrender Reims

German surrender room and signing table

German surrender room and signing table IJ


German Instrument of Surrender

German unconditional surrender display















Reims 2024 - Resistance / Deportation Memorial

 The Resistance / Deportation Memorial is dedicated to  to the martyrs of the resistance and deportation who were victims of Nazi repression during the Second World War.  It was inaugurated on May 8, 1955 on the 10th anniversary of the Allied victory.

Resistance / Deportation Memorial Reims

Central to the monument is a granite slab 9 metres by 6.5 metres inscribed  "To the Resistance". 

Resistance / Deportation Memorial Reims

In an alcove is an urn containing ashes from the crematoria in the Mauthausen, Flossenbürg, Bergen-Belsen and Neuengamme concentration camps. 

Concentration Camp Ashes

On the grass embankments either side of the memorial are stone slabs bearing the names of those who were killed. 

The slab on the right is inscribed "They fought, they suffered, they died for the same ideal" and records the names of the resistance fighters and deportees who were shot, killed in battle, died under torture or during deportation.

French Resistance Memorial

On the left the slab is inscribed "Civilian Victims of Nazi Repression", the names recorded being almost all victims of the Holocaust.

Civilian Victims Memorial



Reims 2024 - Monument aux morts de Reims

Monument aux morts de Reims

The Reims War Memorial commemorates the men from the city who were killed during the First World War.

The monument was inaugurated on 1 June 1930 by the Minister of War André Maginot, in the presence of Marshal Pétain,

Monument aux morts de Reims

A statue in the middle depicts "Thought Fulfilling Its Resurrection Effort." Above the statue and inscription reads CHILDREN OF REIMS WHO FELL ON THE FIELD OF HONOUR THAT THIS MONUMENT ERECTEDBY YOUR WOUNDED CITY FOREVER EXPRESSES ITS MOURNING AND PRIDE

 On the front of the curved frame are two sculptures. 

The sculpture of the left  "1914: The Sacrifice" is dedicated to the families of those lost. It is inscribed TO THE FAMILIES OF THE DEAD TO EXALT THE GREATNESS OF THEIR SACRIFICE.

That on the right"1918: The Lesson of the Past" is dedicated to those in the future to remember the sacrifices made. It's inscription reads TO THE NEW GENERATIONS SO THAT THEY KNOW AND REMEMBER.

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132e Régiment d’Infanterie Cynotechnique

132nd Canine Infantry Regiment

 
The 132nd Canine Infantry Regiment (132nd RIC) has historic connections to Reims tracing it's lineage back to the French Revolution. 

The Regiment train dogs for military duty. The dogs are used to support French operations abroad, including Africa’s Sahel region, West Africa and the Middle East. They also support  domestic missions such as anti-terrorist operations and work in French overseas territories.

132nd RIC Monument aux morts de Reims

132nd RIC Monument aux morts de Reims

132nd RIC Monument aux morts de Reims

Saturday 23 March 2024

Reims 2024 - Verdun Memorial Museum

Verdun memorial museum

French Soldier

German Soldier

Artillery

Obusier de Campagne de 105 mm modele 1916

Trench Mortar

German Artillery Observation Balloon

French Artillery Observation Balloon

French Nieuport

 German Fokker E III Eindecker

Dogfight

General Petain

Berliet CBA Truck used on La Voie Sacrée

La Voie Sacrée marker

 

Reims 2024 - La Voie Sacrée

 The Battle of Verdun lasted for 300 days with over 1 million French soldiers serving in the sector, and the French artillery firing at estimated 23 million rounds. To keep the frontline supplied with men and materiel was a major logistical effort during the course of the battle. 

It was along a 56 kilometre route route from Bar-Le-Duc to Verdun and a narrow gauge railway on which the logistics to sustain the battle depended. It became known as the Sacred Way ... La Voie Sacrée.    

Along the route 6,000 lorries and buses passed every day, one vehicle passing every 14 seconds, day and night.

La Voie Sacrée movement by day

La Voie Sacrée movement by night

On average 13,000 men, 6,400 tons of equipment and 1,500 tons of ammunition were transported daily. 

La Voie Sacrée Combat Supplies Heippes 

La Voie Sacrée Artillery Ammunition Heippes 

The return journey took 18 hours and drivers were required to stay with their vehicles at all times in order to be ready to move when  ordered. They would eat and sleep in their vehicles.

La Voie Sacrée truck drivers

The route was split into sectors for efficient route control and strict discipline maintained by the provost marshall. Speed limits were imposed, 25 km per hour for vans, 15 km per hour for lorries.  Heavy artillery tractors were limited to 4 km per hour or 8 km per hour when empty.

La Voie Sacrée traffic

La Voie Sacrée 10th Artillery Ammunition Section

Quarries were dug all along the road to maintain the road. A force of 8,000 French Territorial soldiers lived along the route constantly shovelling  stones under the wheels of trucks to plug the ruts left.

La Voie Sacrée Route Maintenance

La Voie Sacrée shovelling stones

It was protected by several fighter squadrons dedicated to preventing enemy air attacks on the route. 



The Sacred Way, a single road, only paved with stones of poor quality was a miracle that saved France a a perilous time during the First World war.

La Voie Sacrée

La Voie Sacrée 1916

La Voie Sacrée Great War Museum IJ

The route  is commemorated by milestones marked by helmeted bollards bearing the inscription N VS (Nationale Voie Sacrée). It was inaugurated by the President of France on 21 August 1922 and the first marker being a memorial at Bar-Le-Luc.

La Voie Sacrée first route marker Bar-Le-luc

La Voie Sacrée Marker Stone


The current modern road that follows the original Voie Sacrée  is designated the RD1916.

RD1916 La Voie Sacrée Marker Stone

RD 1916 DR IJ


A monument has been erected to commemorate the Voie Sacrée on the RD1916 8.5 km from Verdun. 

La Voie Sacrée Memorial

La Voie Sacrée frieze

La Voie Sacrée frieze