Showing posts with label Verdun. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Verdun. Show all posts

Saturday, 23 March 2024

Reims 2024 - Verdun Memorial Museum

Verdun memorial museum

French Soldier

German Soldier

Artillery

Obusier de Campagne de 105 mm modele 1916

Trench Mortar

German Artillery Observation Balloon

French Artillery Observation Balloon

French Nieuport

 German Fokker E III Eindecker

Dogfight

General Petain

Berliet CBA Truck used on La Voie Sacrée

La Voie Sacrée marker

 

Reims 2024 - La Voie Sacrée

 The Battle of Verdun lasted for 300 days with over 1 million French soldiers serving in the sector, and the French artillery firing at estimated 23 million rounds. To keep the frontline supplied with men and materiel was a major logistical effort during the course of the battle. 

It was along a 56 kilometre route route from Bar-Le-Duc to Verdun and a narrow gauge railway on which the logistics to sustain the battle depended. It became known as the Sacred Way ... La Voie Sacrée.    

Along the route 6,000 lorries and buses passed every day, one vehicle passing every 14 seconds, day and night.

La Voie Sacrée movement by day

La Voie Sacrée movement by night

On average 13,000 men, 6,400 tons of equipment and 1,500 tons of ammunition were transported daily. 

La Voie Sacrée Combat Supplies Heippes 

La Voie Sacrée Artillery Ammunition Heippes 

The return journey took 18 hours and drivers were required to stay with their vehicles at all times in order to be ready to move when  ordered. They would eat and sleep in their vehicles.

La Voie Sacrée truck drivers

The route was split into sectors for efficient route control and strict discipline maintained by the provost marshall. Speed limits were imposed, 25 km per hour for vans, 15 km per hour for lorries.  Heavy artillery tractors were limited to 4 km per hour or 8 km per hour when empty.

La Voie Sacrée traffic

La Voie Sacrée 10th Artillery Ammunition Section

Quarries were dug all along the road to maintain the road. A force of 8,000 French Territorial soldiers lived along the route constantly shovelling  stones under the wheels of trucks to plug the ruts left.

La Voie Sacrée Route Maintenance

La Voie Sacrée shovelling stones

It was protected by several fighter squadrons dedicated to preventing enemy air attacks on the route. 



The Sacred Way, a single road, only paved with stones of poor quality was a miracle that saved France a a perilous time during the First World war.

La Voie Sacrée

La Voie Sacrée 1916

La Voie Sacrée Great War Museum IJ

The route  is commemorated by milestones marked by helmeted bollards bearing the inscription N VS (Nationale Voie Sacrée). It was inaugurated by the President of France on 21 August 1922 and the first marker being a memorial at Bar-Le-Luc.

La Voie Sacrée first route marker Bar-Le-luc

La Voie Sacrée Marker Stone


The current modern road that follows the original Voie Sacrée  is designated the RD1916.

RD1916 La Voie Sacrée Marker Stone

RD 1916 DR IJ


A monument has been erected to commemorate the Voie Sacrée on the RD1916 8.5 km from Verdun. 

La Voie Sacrée Memorial

La Voie Sacrée frieze

La Voie Sacrée frieze




Reims 2024 - Verdun Ossuary

 The battle of Verdun lasted from lasted from the 21st February to the 18th December 1916 resulting in over  700,000 casualties of which around  300, 000 were killed. One estimate states 306,000 killed, 163,000 French and 143,000 German.

An ossuary commemorates those lost and  contains the skeletal remains of 130,000 combatants from both sides.

Douaumont Ossuary

Douaumont Ossuary

To the front of the ossuary is the Fleury-devant-Douaumont National Necropolisis. The French cemetery contains 16,142 graves, the largest single French Cemetery of World War One.

Fleury-devant-Douaumont Cemetery

Fleury-devant-Douaumont Cemetery

Fleury-devant-Douaumont Cemetery




Reims 2014 - Memorial Colonel Driant

In Spring 1915 the 56th and 59th Bataillons de Chasseurs à pied (Light Infantry) deployed to the Bois des Caures, 16 kilometers north of Verdun. They were commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Émile Driant.  Driant had served in the French Army from 1877 to 1906 and commanded 1st Battalion of Chasseurs. He resigned his commission and entered politics in 1910. On the outbreak of war in 1914 Driant was recalled to the Army and would command the 56th and 59th Battalions of Chasseurs. 

Lt.Col Émile Driant

Lt.Col Émile Driant Bois des Caures

At 07:15 on 21st February 1916 the Germans began bombarding French positions on the west bank of the River Meuse, the opening move of the Battle of Verdun. Colonel Briant and his chasseurs were pounded by German artillery.

German Bombardment Bois des Caures

At 1600 hours the German Infantry began their assault and advanced against the Chasseurs. Driant and his men fought heroically to hold the German onslaught delaying their progress,  which gave time to the French High Command move reinforcements to the sector. 


Despite the Chasseurs valiant efforts, the Germans began to outflank the defenders and their position became untenable. On the afternoon of the 22nd February Colonel Driant gave the order for the remnants of the battalions to withdraw. As they did so Driant was killed, and only 118 of his men, out of 1,200, were able to extract them selves.

Colonel Driant falls withdrawing from Bois des Caures

Colonel Driant was buried with full military honours by the Germans. That burial location is marked by a monument. 

WW1 Burial location Lt Colonel Driant

Colonel Driants body was later re-interred where his fell. A monument to commemorate him and his Chasseurs was built at the location. The monument includes the graves of Chasseurs who's identity is unknown.

Colonel Driant Chasseurs Memorial

Colonel Driant Chasseurs Memorial

Colonel Driant Chasseurs Memorial IJ

Colonel Driant Chasseurs Memorial unkown graves

Colonel Driant grave

Unknown Chasseur grave

Bois des Caures 1916

Bois des Caures 2024

The actions of Colonel Driant and his Chasseurs are commemorated annually on the 21st February.